An Open Letter in Defense of Academic Freedom and the Historian Grzegorz Rossoliński-Liebe

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We, the undersigned, protest against the state-sponsored defamatory attacks on the German-Polish Holocaust historian Grzegorz Rossoliński-Liebe and the ongoing campaign of intimidation against scholars and academic freedom in Poland and Germany. Following the publication of his scholarly book on Polish mayors and the Holocaust in the General Government. Grzegorz Rossoliński-Liebe became the target of coordinated attacks by the Polish government, the Institute of National Remembrance, the Polish Embassy in Berlin, the Kulski Foundation, the Polish Academy of Sciences and several right-wing journalists.

The campaign began in August 2024, when the Kulski Foundation demanded that De Gruyter Publishing House refrain from publishing the book because its cover includes a photograph of Warsaw’s wartime mayor Julian Kulski. At the same time, the former Polish Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki, Polish right-wing journalists and others claimed that the book sought to “blame the Poles for the Holocaust,” a narrative amplified by then-Institute of National Remembrance director Karol Nawrocki, presently the Polish president, in a post on X.

In November 2025, the Institute of National Remembrance published a 47-page “review” of the book, in which it repeated the claims of Polish president Nawrocki and Polish right-wing milieus. The Polish ambassador to Berlin Jan Tombiński, meanwhile, intimidated the organizers of a book talk at the Topographie des Terrors, which subsequently was indefinitely postponed by the organizers. This led to further defamation, including a hostile video by YouTube channel Kanał Zero, which has over 2 million subscribers. Hate messages and personal threats on social media against Grzegorz Rossoliński-Liebe followed. The situation was escalated further by the Kulski Foundation, which wrote a public letter against the book and institutions that dare to organize a book talk. After collecting over 150 signatures of academics, World War II veterans and public persons, the Kulski Foundation convinced the Polish Academy of Sciences to publish the letter on their Facebook account. 

Grzegorz Rossoliński-Liebe’s book is based on many years of thorough archival research. The book explains how Polish mayors acted during the German occupation of Poland and argues that Polish mayors collaborated with the German occupiers. Within academia, there is ongoing debate over what constitutes “collaboration” and how the concept should be defined; no scholarly consensus exists. This book offers one perspective within that broader debate. Even where one may disagree with aspects of its framing or conclusions, such disagreements must be addressed through academic discussion, not through unsubstantiated and generalized attacks. The actions of those attacking the book aim to suppress scholarly debate, intimidate researchers, and promote a nationalist interpretation of World War II and the Holocaust.

Hate mail and threats against scholars – simply because they advance a historical interpretation with which others disagree – are never acceptable. Such campaigns against academic work constitute a serious threat to academic freedom and democratic values. Regardless of one’s position on the author’s arguments, it is essential that the academic community stand united on this principle.

Signed,

  1. Martin Aust | Professor of Eastern European History, University of Bonn
  2. Peter Romijn | Professor Emeritus, University of Amsterdam and Former Director of Research at the NIOD Institute for War, Holocaust, and Genocide Studies, Amsterdam
  3. David Lee Preston | Journalist, Philadelphia
  4. Antony Polonsky | Albert Abramson Emeritus Professor of Holocaust Studies, Brandeis University
  5. Jan Grabowski | Distinguished University Professor, University of Ottawa
  6. Katarzyna Grabowska | Independent Researcher
  7. Donald Bloxham | Richard Pares Professor of History, University of Edinburgh
  8. Anna Hájková | Reader of Modern European Continental History, University of Warwick
  9. Tim Buchen | Associate Professor, University of Wroclaw
  10. Klaus Richter | Professor of Central and Eastern European History, University of Birmingham
  11. Jan Musekamp | Deputy Director of the German Historical Institute Warsaw
  12. Elisa-Maria Hiemer | Postdoctoral Researcher, Freie Universität Berlin
  13. Franziska Exeler | Postdoctoral Researcher, Free University Berlin
  14. Tadek Markiewicz | Alfred Landecker Lecturer, SWPS University / King’s College London
  15. Martin Clemens Winter | Alfred Landecker Lecturer, Universität Leipzig
  16. Nina Reusch | Postdoctoral Lecturer, Free University Berlin
  17. Merlin Sophie Engel | Postdoctoral Researcher, Freie Universität Berlin
  18. Daniel Morat | Adjunct Professor of Modern History, Freie Universität Berlin
  19. Robert Kindler | Professor of East European History, Freie Universität Berlin
  20. Martin Wagner | Postdoctoral Researcher, Kiel University
  21. Frederik Schröer | Postdoctoral Researcher, Freie Universität Berlin
  22. Andrea Rottmann | Postdoctoral Researcher, Freie Universität Berlin
  23. Martin Hamre | Academic Coordinator, Freie Universität Berlin
  24. Luc Wodzicki | Postdoctoral Researcher, Bibliotheca Hertziana, Rome
  25. Mohammad A. S. Sarhangi | Postdoctoral Researcher, Zentrum für Antisemitismusforschung, Technische Universität Berlin
  26. Maria Alexopoulou | Principal Investigator / Lecturer, Zentrum für Antisemitismusforschung, Technische Universität Berlin
  27. Frédéric Bonnesoeur | Doctor of Philosophy Student, Zentrum für Antisemitismusforschung, Technische Universität Berlin
  28. Per A. Rudling | Associate Professor, Department of History, Lund University
  29. Zoltán Kékesi | Research Fellow, Centre for Collective Violence, Holocaust and Genocide Studies, University College London
  30. Agata Pietrasik | Alfred Landecker Lecturer, Freie Universität Berlin
  31. Martin Lücke | Professor for History Education, Freie Universität Berlin
  32. Sebastian Musch | Alfred Landecker Lecturer, Universität Osnabrück
  33. Michael Goebel | Professor of Global History, Freie Universität Berlin
  34. Kim Todzi | Senior Researcher, University of Hamburg
  35. Cornelia Chmiel | Researcher, Freie Universität Berlin
  36. Kai Brust | Doctor of Philosophy Student, Freie Universität Berlin
  37. Stefan Kirmse | Senior Research Fellow (Leibniz-Zentrum Moderner Orient, Berlin) and Senior Lecturer at Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
  38. Oliver Janz | Professor Emeritus of Modern History, Freie Universität Berlin
  39. Adam Puławski | Doctor Habilitatus, Researcher of Holocaust
  40. Mirosław Tryczyk | Doctor, Medical University, Wrocław
  41. Udo Grashoff | Außerplanmäßiger Professor, Universität Leipzig
  42. Martina Winkler | Professor of Central and East European History, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel
  43. Lukas Dovern | Postdoctoral Researcher, Kiel University
  44. Daniel Siemens | Professor of European History, Newcastle University
  45. George R. Wilkes | Independent Researcher
  46. Heidi Hein-Kircher | Professor for German Culture and History in Eastern Europe and Chair of the German Association for East European History
  47. Magnus Ott | Research Associate, Arthur Langerman Archiv für die Erforschung des Visuellen Antisemitismus, Technische Universität Berlin
  48. Martina Bitunjac | Doctor and Historian, Potsdam
  49. Tomasz Frydel | Doctor of Philosophy, Contract Researcher, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
  50. Hannah Wilson | Doctor and Postdoctoral Fellow, University of Manchester
  51. Minu Haschemi Yekani | Postdoctoral Researcher, Freie Universität Berlin
  52. Francesco Zavatti | Associate Professor, Institute of Contemporary History, Södertörn University
  53. Markus Nesselrodt | Postdoctoral Researcher, European University Viadrina, Frankfurt (Oder)
  54. Felix Ackermann | Professor for Public History, FernUniversität in Hagen
  55. Christoph Dieckmann | Historian
  56. Thomas Ertl | Professor of Medieval History, Freie Universität Berlin
  57. Pavel Brunssen | Research Associate and Alfred Landecker Lecturer at the Research Center on Antigypsyism, Heidelberg University
  58. Tobias Rupprecht | Privatdozent, Freie Universität Berlin
  59. Benjamin Zachariah | Researcher, Einstein Forum, Potsdam
  60. Stephan Malinowski | Historian, Freie Universität Berlin
  61. Jennifer Evans | Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada, Professor of History, Carleton University
  62. Thomas Schaarschmidt | Außerplanmäßiger Professor, Universität Potsdam
  63. Achim Saupe | Historian, Leibniz Centre for Contemporary History Potsdam
  64. Oleksandr Kruglov | Historian, Senior Historian Advisor of the Babi Yar Holocaust Memorial Center, Kyiv and Research Fellow at L’viv Catholic University
  65. Daniela Ozacky Stern | Western Galilee College, Israel
  66. Avner Ofrath | Alfred Landecker Lecturer, Freie Universität Berlin
  67. Raffaello Pannacci | University of Perugia, Italy
  68. İlkay Yılmaz | Researcher, Freie Universität Berlin
  69. Jakub Woroncow | Historian
  70. Xosé M. Núñez Seixas | Historian, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
  71. Giovanni Savino | Assistant Professor in Late Modern and Russian History, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
  72. Monica Fioravanzo | Università di Padova, Italy
  73. Brunello Mantelli | Historian, Former Professor of Modern History, Università di Torino, Italy
  74. Wojciech Tworek | Taube Department of Jewish Studies, University of Wrocław
  75. Christian Ingrao | National Centre for Scientific Research / School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences, Paris, France
  76. Volodymyr Ishchenko | Researcher, Freie Universität Berlin
  77. Marta Havryshko | Doctor Thomas Zand Visiting Assistant Professor in Holocaust Pedagogy and Antisemitism Studies, Strassler Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies at Clark University, USA
  78. Helmut Walser Smith | Martha Rivers Ingram Professor of History, Vanderbilt University
  79. Agnieszka Wierzcholska | Assistant Professor, SciencesPo, Paris
  80. John-Paul Himka | Professor Emeritus, Department of History, Classics, and Religion, University of Alberta
  81. Bill Niven | Professor Emeritus for Contemporary German History, Nottingham Trent University
  82. Chris Hale | Doctor of Philosophy Researcher
  83. Harry Legg | Doctor of Philosophy Student, University of Edinburgh
  84. Nicholas Courtman | Alfred Landecker Lecturer, King’s College London
  85. Zachary Mazur | POLIN Museum, Warsaw, Poland
  86. Thục Linh Nguyễn Vũ | Postdoctoral Researcher, Freie Universität Berlin
  87. Dominique Trimbur | Fondation pour la Mémoire de la Shoah, Paris
  88. Pär Frohnert | Professor Emeritus, Department of History, Stockholm University
  89. Laurien Vastenhout | NIOD Institute for War, Holocaust and Genocide Studies, Amsterdam
  90. Aleksander Korobeinikov | Postdoctoral Researcher, Freie Universität Berlin
  91. Janine Fubel | Postdoctoral Researcher, FernUniversität in Hagen
  92. Máté Zombory | Associate Professor, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest
  93. Gerben Zaagsma | Assistant Professor, Centre for Contemporary and Digital History, University of Luxembourg
  94. Gundula Pohl | Doctor of Philosophy Student, Fernuniversität in Hagen
  95. Theocharis N. Grigoriadis | Professor of Economics and East European Studies, Freie Universität Berlin
  96. Jean-Marc Dreyfus | Professor of Holocaust Studies, the University of Manchester
  97. Alexa Stiller | Senior Researcher, Department of History, University of Zurich
  98. Simone Neri Serneri | Former Professor of Contemporary History, University of Florence, Italy
  99. Bruno Quélennec | Associate Professor in German Studies, Université Paris 8
  100. Matteo Pasetti | Associate Professor of Contemporary History, Università di Bologna
  101. Ruslana Bovhyria | Doctor of Philosophy Student, Freie Universität Berlin
  102. Lóránt Bódi | Postdoctoral Fellow, Fondation pour la Mémoire de la Shoah
  103. Antoine Burgard | Senior Lecturer in History of Humanitarianism, University of Manchester
  104. Angelika Königseder | Postdoctoral Researcher, Arthur Langerman Archiv für die Erforschung des Visuellen Antisemitismus, Technische Universität Berlin
  105. Judith Vöcker | Stanley Burton Centre for Holocaust and Genocide Studies, University of Leicester
  106. Audrey Kichelewski | Associate Professor in Polish History, Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales (Paris, France) and Co-editor of Revue d’histoire de la Shoah
  107. Laurent Joly | Centre de Recherches Historiques (CNRS, EHESS Paris)
  108. Anna Junge | Historian, Berlin
  109. Michele Sarfatti | Historian of Shoah, Italy
  110. Anna Koch | Historian, University College London
  111. Maël Le Noc | Doctor of Philosophy, Geographer, France
  112. Grzegorz Krzywiec | Associate Professor, Tadeusz Manteuffel Institute of History, Polish Academy of Sciences
  113. Katrin Stoll | Imre Kertész Kolleg Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Germany
  114. Sebastian Conrad | Professor of Global History, Freie Universität Berlin
  115. David Alan Rich | Research Professor, Catholic University of America
  116. Marie-Dominique Asselin | Lecturer, Université de Montréal
  117. Nadège Ragaru | Research Professor, Sciences Po Paris (CERI-CNRS)
  118. Roland Clark | Professor of Modern European History, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
  119. Mathias Berek | Postdoctoral Researcher / Principal Investigator, Centre for Research on Antisemitism, TU Berlin, Research Institute on Social Cohesion
  120. David Silberklang | Yad Vashem
  121. Havi Dreifuss | Tel Aviv University and Yad Vashem
  122. Antoon De Baets | Professor Emeritus, History, Ethics and Human Rights, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
  123. Marta Marzańska-Mishani | Yad Vashem
  124. Susanne Scharnowski | Lecturer (German Studies), Freie Universität Berlin
  125. Devin Pendas | Boston College
  126. Koen Aerts | Professor at Ghent University, Belgium
  127. Michał Adam Palacz | Oxford Brookes University
  128. Thomas Chopard | School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences, France
  129. Benoit Tock | University of Strasbourg, France
  130. Matthew Kott | Uppsala University, Sweden
  131. Nico Wouters | Director CegeSoma / State Archives Belgium and Guest Lecturer at Ghent University
  132. Juan Maiguashca Guevara | York University, Toronto, Canada, Retired Professor, and Guest Professor at Universidad Andina, Simón Bolívar
  133. Etienne F. Augé | Principal Lecturer, Erasmus University Rotterdam
  134. Peter Schöttler | Historian, Berlin
  135. Richards Plavnieks | Associate Professor of History, Florida Southern College, Lakeland, Florida, USA
  136. Tom van der Geugten | Lecturer at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (HOVO)
  137. Rosemary Nagy | Professor, Political Science / Gender Studies, Nipissing University, Canada
  138. Marius Turda | Oxford Brookes University, United Kingdom
  139. Ananya Chakravarti | Georgetown University
  140. Chris Wrigley | Professor Emeritus, Nottingham University, United Kingdom
  141. Stefan Detchev | Associate Professor of History, New Bulgarian University, Sofia, Bulgaria
  142. Marina Cattaruzza | Professor Emeritus of Modern and Contemporary History, Universität Bern, Switzerland
  143. Jo Tollebeek | Emeritus Professor of Cultural History, KU Leuven, Belgium
  144. Karel Berkhoff | Senior Researcher, NIOD Institute for War, Holocaust and Genocide Studies, and Professor at Leiden University
  145. Frédéric Clavert | Assistant Professor in European Contemporary History, C2DH, University of Luxembourg
  146. José Carlos Bermejo Barrera | Emeritus Professor, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
  147. Violet Soen | Associate Professor of History, KU Leuven, Belgium
  148. Hilary Earl | Professor of History, Nipissing University, Canada
  149. Antonius Robben | Professor of Anthropology, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
  150. Rudi Van Doorslaer | Former Director of CegeSoma, Guest Professor of Contemporary History at Ghent University
  151. Carl-Eric Linsler | Scientific Collection Director, Arthur Langerman Archiv für die Erforschung des Visuellen Antisemitismus, Technische Universität Berlin
  152. Rodrigo Bragio Bonaldo | University of Santa Catarina, Brazil
  153. Bruno De Wever | Professor Emeritus, Ghent University
  154. Sharon Kangisser Cohen | Yad Vashem
  155. Antia Wiersma | Director of Royal Netherlands Historical Society, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
  156. Raymond Detrez | Professor Emeritus, Eastern European History, Ghent University
  157. Séveric Yersin | Postdoctoral Researcher, European University Institute, Florence, Italy
  158. Victor Petrov | Associate Professor of History, University of Tennessee, Knoxville
  159. Péter Apor | Permanent Research Fellow, Institute of History, ELTE Research Center for the Humanities, Budapest
  160. Max Hamon | Assistant Professor, University of Northern British Columbia, Canada
  161. Hristo Saldzhiev | Doctor of Philosophy, Associate Professor, Trakia University, Bulgaria
  162. Julia Zlatkova | Assistant Professor, Institute of Balkan Studies & Center of Thracology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
  163. Eyal Naveh | Professor Emeritus, Tel Aviv University, Head of the Israeli Institute of History Education
  164. Gennadi Kneper | Lecturer, Department of Modern and Contemporary History, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
  165. Nicolaas A. Kraft van Ermel-Nijland | Lecturer, University of Groningen
  166. Paul de Baets | Honorary Judge Antwerp Court of Appeal, Belgium
  167. Stefan Peychev | Postdoctoral Fellow, New Europe College, Romania
  168. Jonas Kreienbaum | Guest Professor, Freie Universität Berlin
  169. Annette Weinke | Außerplanmäßige Professorin, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena
  170. David d’Avray | Emeritus Professor of History, University College London
  171. Alan Wald | H. Chandler Davis Collegiate Professor Emeritus, University of Michigan, USA
  172. Mar Llinares García | Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
  173. Edit Szegedi | Babes-Bolyai-University
  174. Lyna Polikar | Municipal Health Service and Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
  175. Hannah Catherine Davies | Historisches Seminar, Universität Zürich
  176. Nan Elizabeth Woodruff | Professor Emerita of African American Studies and Modern US History, Pennsylvania State University, USA
  177. Trudy Peterson | Archivist
  178. Margaret Power | Illinois Institute of Technology, Professor Emeritus
  179. Evgenii Dainov | Professor of Politics, New Bulgarian University
  180. Tatjana Lichtenstein | Department of History, University of Texas at Austin
  181. Seth Garfield | Department of History, University of Texas at Austin
  182. Miguel Alonso Ibarra | Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (Madrid, Spain)
  183. Catherine Guilyardi | Freelance Journalist for BBC and Radio France, Paris, France
  184. Jan T. Gross | Professor of History Emeritus, Princeton University
  185. Judith Lyon-Caen | Professor of Contemporary History, School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences, Paris, France
  186. Mark Levene | Emeritus Fellow, University of Southampton
  187. Rob Kahn | Professor of Law, University of St. Thomas School of Law (Minnesota)
  188. Kaat Wils | Professor of Contemporary History, KU Leuven, Belgium
  189. Idesbald Goddeeris | History Professor, KU Leuven, Belgium
  190. Allan Megill | Professor Emeritus of History, University of Virginia, USA
  191. Jonathan Ritter | Chair and Associate Professor of Ethnomusicology, University of California Riverside
  192. Eugenio Di Rienzo | Professor Emeritus of Modern and Contemporary History, Università degli Studi di Roma la Sapienza
  193. Michał Bilewicz | Associate Professor, Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw
  194. Jonathan Gorman | Emeritus Professor of Moral Philosophy, Queen’s University Belfast
  195. Vitor M. M. da Fonseca | Universidade Federal Fluminense, Brazil (Retired)
  196. Jean-Philippe Béja | Research Professor Emeritus, CNRS / CERI-Sciences-Po, Paris, France
  197. Maria Babińska | Postdoctoral Researcher, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
  198. Mikolaj Winiewski | Assistant Professor, Center for Research on Prejudice, University of Warsaw
  199. Sir Richard J. Evans | Regius Professor Emeritus of History, University of Cambridge
  200. Dominik Puchała | Doctor of Philosophy Student, Center for Research on Prejudice, University of Warsaw
  201. Erkki Tuokioja | Historians without Borders, Finland
  202. Jean Biskup | Master of Arts and Lawyer of Polish Silesian Descendants, Belgium
  203. Alex Dekker | Historian, Secretary of the SWH
  204. Istvan Pal Adam | Historian, Hungary
  205. Anjana Singh | University of Groningen, the Netherlands
  206. Leen Dorsman | Professor Emeritus, History of Universities, Utrecht University
  207. András Bencze | Historian, Hungary
  208. Herman Paul | Professor of History, Leiden University, the Netherlands
  209. Aleksander Bilewicz | Chemist, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology
  210. Fernando Hernández Sánchez | Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
  211. Anika Walke | Askwith Family Chair of Holocaust Studies and Associate Professor of History, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
  212. Javier Domínguez Arribas | Université Sorbonne Paris Nord
  213. Michael Ignatieff | Professor of Historical Studies and Rector Emeritus, Central European University, Vienna
  214. Pedro Caldas | Professor of History, UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
  215. Radmila Svarickova Slabakova | Professor of History, Palacký University Olomouc
  216. Jan Deboutte | Honorary Ambassador, Former International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance Chair
  217. Peter Hatlebakk | University of Bergen, Former Norwegian Historical Association Chair
  218. Ruth Balint | Professor of History, University of New South Wales Sydney
  219. Cornelia Aust | Jewish Studies, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf
  220. Branimir Janković | Associate Professor, Department of History, University of Zagreb, Croatia
  221. Helena Datner | Sociologist and Historian
  222. Nicolas Patin | Assistant Professor, Université Bordeaux Montaigne, France
  223. Lukasz Krzyzanowski | Assistant Professor, Faculty of History, University of Warsaw
  224. Andrew Beattie | Associate Professor, University of New South Wales Sydney
  225. James Young | Distinguished Professor Emeritus, Founding Director, Institute for Holocaust, Genocide, and Memory Studies, University of Massachusetts Amherst
  226. Christophe Araújo | Associate Professor, University of Paris Nanterre
  227. Alexander Vezenkov | Historian, Sofia
  228. Maja Suderland | Sociologist, Darmstadt, Germany
  229. Steven Seegel | Professor of Slavic and Eurasian Studies, University of Texas at Austin, USA
  230. Janine Holc | Professor of Political Science, Loyola University Maryland
  231. Jayne Persian | Associate Professor in History, University of Southern Queensland, Australia
  232. Katharina Friedla | Research Fellow, Taube Family Curator for European Collections, Hoover Institution, Stanford University
  233. Robert Cribb | Emeritus Professor, Australian National University
  234. Cornelia Shati Geissler | Yad Vashem
  235. Katrin Steffen | Deputy Director of Nordost-Institute Lüneburg at the University of Hamburg
  236. Mario Faust-Scalisi | Postdoctoral Researcher, University of Bayreuth
  237. Arthur Alfaix Assis | Associate Professor of History, University of Brasília, Brazil
  238. Andrzej Friedman | Professor of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
  239. Jaime Alvar Ezquerra | Emeritus Professor, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Spain
  240. Monika Stolarczyk-Bilardie | Postdoctoral Researcher, KU Leuven, Belgium
  241. Stefanie Prezioso | Professor of History, University of Lausanne
  242. Sonia Combe | Emeritus Professor of History, Berlin
  243. Philipp Ther | Professor of East Central European History, University of Vienna
  244. Sigfrido Vázquez Cienfuegos | Professor of History of America, Universidad de Extremadura, Spain
  245. Caterina Scalvedi | Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions Postdoctoral Fellow, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
  246. Wiktor Soral | Doctor of Philosophy, Assistant Professor, Center for Research on Prejudice, University of Warsaw
  247. Antonio Duplá | Professor of Ancient History, the University of the Basque Country, Spain
  248. Marja van Tilburg | Senior Lecturer (Retired), Groningen University, Netherlands
  249. Tila de Almeida Mendonça | Doctor of Philosophy Candidate, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Germany
  250. Stefan Cristian Ionescu | Associate Professor of History, Chapman University, USA
  251. Francesco Cassata | Professor of Contemporary History, University of Genoa, Italy
  252. Éric Aunoble | Senior Lecturer in History, University of Geneva, Switzerland
  253. Andrzej Leder | Professor of Philosophy, Polish Academy of Sciences
  254. Jean-Robert Raviot | Professor of Russian and Post-Soviet Studies, Université Paris Nanterre, France
  255. Werner Bergmann | Professor im Ruhestand, Zentrum für Antisemitismusforschung, Technische Universität Berlin, Germany
  256. Mirosław Kofta | Professor of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Poland
  257. Daniel Stahl | Lecturer, History, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
  258. Umberto Tulli | Associate Professor, Contemporary History, University of Trento, Italy
  259. Andrea Kirchner | Fritz Bauer Institut, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
  260. Irina Tcherneva | Research Fellow, National Centre for Scientific Research, Paris, France
  261. Markus Krzoska | Research Coordinator, Herder-Institut, Marburg, Germany
  262. Richard Paping | Associate Professor, Economic and Social History, University of Groningen
  263. Veronika Duma | Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main
  264. Andreas Schwarcz | Retired Associate Professor of Medieval History, Universität Wien
  265. Roumen Avramov | Centre for Advanced Study Sofia
  266. Frances Tanzer | Rose Professor of Holocaust Studies and Jewish Culture, Clark University
  267. Isabella Löhr | Professor of International History of the Twentieth Century, Freie Universität Berlin
  268. Pertti Ahonen | Professor of History, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
  269. Marcin Kula | University of Warsaw, History, Professor Emeritus
  270. Hakan Altun | Postdoctoral Researcher and Artist, Frankfurt am Main
  271. Matthias Sieberkrob | Postdoctoral Researcher, Freie Universität Berlin
  272. Stefanie Middendorf | Professor of Contemporary History / Dictatorial Studies, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin
  273. Maite Karssenberg | Historian, Amsterdam
  274. Stefan Tanaka | Professor Emeritus of Communication, University of California, San Diego
  275. Sylwia Szymańska-Smolkin | Researcher, Stockholm
  276. Arvid Schors | Historian, University of Cologne
  277. Till van Rahden | Professor of German and European Studies, Université de Montréal
  278. Ruben Zeeman | Coordinator of the Network of Concerned Historians
  279. Michael Rothberg | Professor of English, Comparative Literature, and Holocaust Studies, University of California, Los Angeles
  280. Vincent Tassenaar | Senior Lecturer, Economic and Social History, University of Groningen
  281. Marcos Leitão de Almeida | Professor Doctor, Department of History, University of São Paulo, Brazil
  282. Adam Jones | Professor, Political Science, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Canada
  283. Maati Monjib | Historian, Morocco and France
  284. Rodrigo Patto Sá Motta | Professor, History, Federal University of Minas Gerais
  285. Georgi Verbeeck | Professor, KU Leuven and Associate Professor, Maastricht University
  286. Fabien Théofilakis | Historian, Assistant Professor, Université Paris 1 Panthéon Sorbonne
  287. Marina Allal | Lecturer Researcher, Freie Universität Berlin
  288. Andrew Bonnell | Professor of History, University of Queensland
  289. Nicolas Bancel | Historian, Full Professor, University of Lausanne
  290. Janick Marina Schaufelbuehl | Historian, Associate Professor, University of Lausanne
  291. Súsanna Margrét Gestsdóttir | Associate Professor, University of Iceland
  292. Pieter Huistra | Associate Professor Theory of History, Utrecht University
  293. Nicola Brauch | Professor of History Education, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
  294. Sébastien Guex | Emeritus Professor of History, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
  295. Mariana Hausleitner | Historian, Berlin
  296. Marcin Zaremba | Professor of History, University of Warsaw
  297. Jakob Müller | Memorial and Educational Site House of the Wannsee Conference
  298. Michael Wildt | Historian, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
  299. Christian Jansen | Historian, Professor of Modern History, Universität Trier
  300. Eva Schöck-Quinteros | Historian, Universität Bremen
  301. Alan Kramer | Senior Professor of Global History, University of Hamburg
  302. Hilda Sabato | Historian, Professor Emeritus University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
  303. Ursula K. Mindler-Steiner | Historian, Associate Professor at the University of Graz and Andrássy University Budapest
  304. Dieter A. Binder | Professor at University of Graz
  305. Henriett Kovács | Historian, Associate Professor at the Andrássy University Budapest
  306. Peter Hug | Doctor of Philosophy, Historian, Bern, Switzerland
  307. Marc Buggeln | Historian, Europa-Universität Flensburg
  308. Artur Nowak | Lawyer, Writer, and Publicist
  309. David Gaunt | Professor of History, Södertörn University Stockholm, Sweden
  310. Carlos Sanz Díaz | Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
  311. Jost Dülffer | Historian, Universität zu Köln
  312. Beata Anna Polak | Doctor of Philosophy of Literary Studies, Poznań, Poland
  313. Tomasz Polak | Professor, Poznań, Poland
  314. Loreta Skurvydaitė | Associate Professor, Faculty of History, Vilnius University
  315. Stanisław Obirek | Professor, Warsaw
  316. Radosav Tucović | Research Associate, Institute for Contemporary History, Belgrade, Serbia
  317. Laure Guilbert | Research Fellow, Käte Hamburger Kolleg – CURE, Saarbrücken
  318. Svetlana Suveica | Senior Research Associate, Leibniz-Institute for East and Southeast European Studies, Regensburg
  319. Pieter Boele van Hensbroek | Philosophy Department, University of Groningen
  320. Büşra Ersanlı | Marmara University, İstanbul
  321. Jakub Vogel | Professor of European History, Sciences Po Paris
  322. Andrew Apostolou | Historian
  323. Omer Bartov | Dean’s Professor of Holocaust and Genocide Studies, Brown University
  324. Jana Tschurenev | Research Group Leader, Freie Universität Berlin
  325. Sanne van der Kaaij-Gandhi | Historian, Mumbai, India
  326. Marian Karagyozov | Assistant Professor, Institute of Balkan Studies – Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
  327. Denis Charbit | Head of the Center for the Study of Relations Between Jews, Christians and Muslims, the Open University of Israel
  328. Tadeusz Zatorski | Pensioner, Cracow
  329. Ulrich Prehn | Historian, Center for Research on Antisemitism, Technical University Berlin
  330. Gundula Gahlen | Professor of Police History and Civic Education, German Police University
  331. Willem Victor Sopacua | Historian, the Netherlands
  332. Marie-Anne Matard-Bonucci | Professor, Paris 8 University, Director of RevueAlarmer
  333. Malte Rolf | Professor of Modern European History, Universität Oldenburg
  334. Elisabeth Elgán | History Department, Stockholm University
  335. Hans-Christian Maner | Historian, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
  336. Günter Wernicke | Historian
  337. Justyna Majewska | Emanuel Ringelblum Jewish Historical Institute
  338. Dorte Lerp | Historian, Berlin
  339. Irina Nastasă-Matei | Associate Professor, University of Bucharest
  340. Jakub Drábik | Historian, Anglo-American University Prague and Institute of History of the Slovak Academy of Sciences
  341. Andrej Umansky | Fellow, Center for Jewish Civilization, Georgetown University
  342. Adam Musiał | Holocaust Educator and Translator, Krakow
  343. Daniele Gioia | Doctor of Philosophy in History
  344. Martin Kohlrausch | Professor of European Political History, KU Leuven
  345. Bastiaan Willems | Lecturer in the History of War in 20th Century Europe, Lancaster University
  346. Thomas Sandkühler | Professor Emeritus of History Education, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
  347. Raul Cârstocea | Professor of History, Maynooth University, Ireland
  348. Alexandra Pulvermacher | Researcher at the University of Klagenfurt, Austria
  349. Manfred Mack | Historian, Reinheim
  350. Carlo Gentile | Research Associate, Martin-Buber-Institut für Judaistik der Universität zu Köln
  351. David Hamann | Historian and Researcher, Berlin
  352. Stanislav Serhiienko | Doctoral Candidate in Modern History, University of Marburg
  353. Michal Kopeček | Senior Researcher, Institute of Contemporary History, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague
  354. Aleksander Madyda | Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń
  355. Pieter M. Judson | European University Institute, American Academy of Arts and Sciences
  356. Hermann Beyer-Thoma | Historian in Munich and Regensburg
  357. Emanuel Grec | Doctor of Philosophy Candidate, Heidelberg University, Germany
  358. Elżbieta Janicka | Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Institute of Slavic Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences
  359. Gábor Egry | Institute of Political History, Budapest
  360. Marcus Funck | Zentrum für Antisemitismusforschung, Technische Universität Berlin
  361. José M. Faraldo | HistGlobal, Complutense University in Madrid, Spain
  362. Bert Hoppe | Historian, Berlin
  363. Verena Lucia Nägel | Political Scientist, Digital Interview-Collections, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
  364. Cord Pagenstecher | Historian, Digital Interview Collections, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
  365. Denys Kiryukhin | Researcher, Lund University
  366. Mary Fulbrook | Fellow of the British Academy, Professor of German History, University College London
  367. Yurii Latysh | Ukrainian Historian, Visiting Professor, State University of Londrina, Brazil
  368. Mykhailo Minakov | The Ideology and Politics Journal
  369. Anna Ivanova | Doctor of Philosophy Candidate in Sociology, Justus Liebig University Giessen
  370. Ehsan Adboh-Tabrizi | Independent Researcher and Doctor of Philosophy Student, University of Leeds School of History
  371. Bernd Steinbock | Doctor of Philosophy, Associate Professor of Classical Studies, the University of Western Ontario, Canada
  372. Christian Shukow | Berlin
  373. Samuel Kassow | Charles Northam Emeritus Professor at Trinity College
  374. Stefan Mashkevich | Doctor of Science in History, Doctor of Science in Physics & Mathematics, New York
  375. Anton Puhach | Publisher, Owner, and Editor-in-Chief of www.westculture.com.ua
  376. Florian Kemmelmeier | Berlin and Villingen-Schwenningen
  377. Małgorzata Popiołek-Roßkamp | Leibniz-Institut für Raumbezogene Sozialforschung, Erkner
  378. Gerjan Brinksma | Master of Arts and Historian, the Netherlands
  379. Dalia Ofer | Professor of Holocaust and East European Studies, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem
  380. Miranda Brethour | Visiting Assistant Professor of History and Jewish Studies, Penn State
  381. Guido van Hengel | Doctor of Philosophy, Editor-in-Chief of the Dutch Review of Books
  382. Emily Julia Roche | Government of Ireland Postdoctoral Fellow, Maynooth University
  383. Katja Makhotina | Chair History of Eastern Europe, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg

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